Thymus and Cardiogen — thymulin, thymopentin and the heart bioregulator
Thymulin has 886 articles and zero registered studies. Thymopentin has HIV registrations under the brand name Timunox. Cardiogen shares its name with a rubidium generator used in heart imaging
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Summary
Two thymic factors that were missing — thymulin and thymopentin (TP-5) — and Cardiogen, a cardiac bioregulator from the Khavinson school. Old molecules, lots of physiology, almost no trials, and none with a product registered in Brazil.
Thymic factors and the heart bioregulator
The site already has thymosin alpha-1, Thymalin and Khavinson's short bioregulators. Missing were two thymic factors — thymulin and thymopentin (TP-5) — and Cardiogen, the "heart" bioregulator from the same Russian school.
Two method caveats. One: cardiogen alone on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov returns CardioGen-82, a rubidium-82 generator used in cardiac imaging, which has nothing to do with the peptide. I narrowed the search with AND (peptide OR Khavinson); the only record from the unfiltered search on ClinicalTrials.gov is a PET scan with CardioGen-82. Two: in the Brazilian database of registered medicines, the pattern TIMULIN finds one registration — but for thymostimulin, another thymus extract, whose name contains the same letters. I publish the finding with the caveat: there is no registration of thymulin.
No number on this page came from the site's secondary source.
How much evidence exists, compound by compound
The numbers below were gathered by me on October 5, 2026, on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. Each row's query is written out in full, next to the number, so anyone can repeat it and contradict me — and so the script that rechecks this site's counts can run all of them.
The condition column is not a claim about mechanism: it is the Condition field copied from the largest phase 3 record that the search itself returned. When there is no phase 3 record, the cell says so.
| Compound | Condition in phase 3 registrations | Query | Articles in PubMed | Studies on ClinicalTrials.gov |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thymulin | no phase 3 registration in this search | thymulin OR "serum thymic factor" OR "facteur thymique serique" | 886 | 0 |
| Thymopentin (TP-5) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | thymopentin | 564 | 10 |
| Cardiogen | no phase 3 registration in this search | cardiogen AND (peptide OR Khavinson) | 9 | 0 |
What exists in phase 3, and who it belongs to
An article count measures academic attention, not outcome evidence. The table below separates what has a registered phase 3 trial — and shows the largest record the search returned, with the declared number of participants and the sponsor. A registration is not a result.
| Compound | Query | Registered phase 3 trials | The largest registration I opened |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thymulin | (thymulin OR "serum thymic factor" OR "facteur thymique serique") AND AREA[Phase]PHASE3 | 0 | — |
| Thymopentin (TP-5) | (thymopentin) AND AREA[Phase]PHASE3 | 2 | NCT00460681 · n = 220 · Fudan University Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| Cardiogen | (cardiogen AND (peptide OR Khavinson)) AND AREA[Phase]PHASE3 | 0 | — |
Where the numbers don't add up
- Thymulin has 886 articles and 0 registered studies. A lot of physiology of a thymic factor, and no trial registration in people.
- Thymopentin once had a trade name — Timunox, in the title of HIV records. 7 of the 10 records are in HIV, all from the same sponsor and all with no start date given. The largest phase 3 is a Chinese trial in liver cancer, with unknown status.
- Cardiogen has 9 articles and 0 studies — and only 4 of the articles are about the peptide. I read the titles: the 4 are tissue culture and rat studies, from 2006 to 2010, in a Russian gerontology journal and in an experimental biology bulletin. The others use the word in another sense, even with the filter. None is a trial in people.
In Brazil
I searched every active ingredient in the open data on registered medicines in Brazil, downloaded on October 5, 2026 — 43,596 rows, counting only Active status, in the active ingredient and in the product name, ignoring accents and case. The therapeutic class is the one the dataset itself declares.
| Active ingredient | Search pattern | Active registrations | Declared therapeutic class | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thymulin | TIMULIN | 1 | IMUNOMODULADOR | THYMIC CELL EXTRACT |
| Thymopentin (TP-5) | TIMOPENT | 0 | — | — |